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PoE (Power over Ethernet) technology allows one Ethernet cable to transmit electrical power and data to network devices. This simplifies network installations, minimizes the need for multiple power sources and cables, and eliminates cable clutter.
Following the growing demands of network devices, newer PoE standards, such as PoE+ switch and PoE++ switch, have been developed to meet these demands. Understanding the differences between these two is essential for efficient network design.
So, what is the difference between a PoE vs PoE+ vs PoE++ switch? Here’s a quick comparison.
This article will explain the key differences between the PoE vs. PoE+ vs. PoE++ switches to help you make informed decisions about your network devices.
What is PoE vs PoE+ vs PoE++ Switch?
Ethernet cables can now supply network devices with both data and electrical power. Thanks to Power over Ethernet (PoE) technology, installations are easier. As you may know, there are three types of PoE switches with different IEEE standards:
- Type 1 (IEEE 802.3af) - PoE
- Type 2 (IEEE 802.3at) - PoE+
- Type 3 (IEEE 802.3bt) - PoE++
Type 1 (IEEE 802.3af) - PoE
The IEEE 802.3af standard, known as PoE, was introduced in 2003. It supports up to 15.4 watts of DC power for each port. Because of its power dissipation via the cable, a powered device (PD) can expect to receive only 12.95 watts.
This standard suits devices with low power requirements (not more than 15.4 watts).
Type 2 (IEEE 802.3at) - PoE+
Commonly known as PoE+, the IEEE 802.3at standard was first launched in 2009 to meet the demands for higher power delivery. It raises the maximum power per port to 30 watts, with up to 25.5 watts available to the powered device after accounting for cable losses. Furthermore, PoE+ is designed for devices that need moderate power.
Type 3 (IEEE 802.3bt) - PoE++
The recent standard, IEEE 802.3bt, popularly known as PoE++, was introduced in 2018. This standard has two power variants:
- Type 3: Supplies up to 60 watts per port, ideally for advanced surveillance cameras and high-performance wireless access points.
- Type 4: Delivers up to 100 watts per port and accommodates very high-power devices like complex lighting systems, sizable wireless access points, and other power-intensive equipment.
PoE++ achieves a higher power delivery by combining all four pairs of wires in a standard Ethernet cable. This improves power capacity while maintaining compatibility with existing network infrastructure.
Differences Between PoE, PoE+, and PoE++
In addition to power output, the key differences among PoE standards include device compatibility, supported cable types, voltage ranges, etc.
PoE operates at a voltage range of 44-57V, PoE+ at 50-57V, and PoE++ at 50-57V, with greater current capacity.
Though Cat5e cables may suffice for PoE and PoE+, PoE++ may need top-grade cables like Cat6 or Cat6a to increase power and minimize potential heat buildup.
Understanding these differences is crucial for network safety and reliability. We have made three tables to give you a detailed glance at the key differences between these three standards.
Table 1: Differences Between PoE vs PoE+ vs PoE++
Here, the differences between PoE, PoE+, and PoE++ dimensions cover IEEE standards, supported cables, power of switch ports, etc. This table shows the key comparisons between these three PoE standards.
Table 2: Differences between Operating Conditions of PoE vs PoE+ vs PoE++
Every PoE parameter has its operating conditions. There must be stable voltage, power currency, accurate power management, modes, and comfortable temperatures. Table 2 shows you a quick glance at everything.
Table 3: Devices Supported by The Different PoE Standards
Each PoE standard has its supported devices. So, knowing which device to choose is the first step to applying for Power over Ethernet standards. See the table below to understand the devices supported by the different standards.
Key Technical Differences
The significant technical differences between PoE, PoE+, and PoE++ lie in their power delivery abilities and how many cable pairs are used for power transmission.
PoE supplies up to 15.4 watts over two pairs of wires, while PoE+ delivers up to 30 watts over two pairs too.
PoE++ increases the power output, providing up to 60W (Type 3) or 100W (Type 4) by combining all four pairs of cables in the Ethernet cable.
These advancements support the growing power demands of modern network devices.
- Power Delivery: The power supplied per port for each subsequent standard increases and supports a broader range of devices with different power requirements.
- Cabling Requirements: Although PoE can operate via Category 3 cables, PoE+ and PoE++ require Category 5 or higher cabling to support greater power levels and ensure safety.
- Power Management: Advanced standards integrate enhanced power management features. These enable more efficient allocation and utilization of power across devices.
When to Use PoE, PoE+, or PoE++?
Choosing the correct PoE standard ensures your network efficiently supports connected devices. The guide below will help you determine which standard is best for you.
When to use PoE
Use the PoE for low-energy devices, such as basic VoIP phones, simple security cameras, standard wireless access points, and basic sensors. It is also ideal for small networks with devices that require less power, typically up to 15.4W per port.
When to use PoE+
Use the PoE+ standard for more power-driven devices like pan/tilt/zoom cameras, advanced IP cameras, wireless access points with multiple antennas, and biometric sensors. They are suitable for medium-sized networks needing more power per device, with 30W available for each port.
When to use PoE++
Use PoE++ to power high-power-demanding devices like video conferencing equipment, laptops, Multi-radio wireless access points, PTZ cameras, flat screens, and building management devices. It’s crucial for large networks or installations with substantial power requirements, providing up to 60W (Type 3) or 100W (Type 4) per port.
Applications of PoE vs. PoE+ vs. PoE++ Switch
Power over Ethernet technology has various applications, from low-power networks to energy-intensive ones. PoE is used for devices that consume low power.
PoE+ expands the scope to accommodate moderate power devices. Then, PoE++ takes it up a notch, catering to power-intensive devices.
Understanding these applications guides network administrators when choosing the proper PoE standard for their operational needs. Tables 1 and 2 provide information on the various applications of PoE, PoE+, and PoE++.
Table 1
Table 2
Compatibility and Backward Support
Power over Ethernet has advanced, with each providing better power delivery to support a broader spectrum of devices. One significant benefit of this advancement is the backward compatibility of these standards. It guarantees smooth integration within existing network infrastructures.
PoE+ and Backward Compatibility
The PoE+ (IEEE 802.3at) switch is intended to be backward compatible with standard PoE (IEEE 802.3af). This implies:
- Support for PoE Devices: PoE+ switches can identify and adequately power both PoE and PoE+. When a Power over Ethernet device is connected to a PoE+ switch, the switch negotiates the power demands and delivers the required wattage (up to 15.4W for PoE devices).
- Automatic Power Negotiation: During this negotiation process, each connected device gets the right amount of power. This helps prevent over- or under-supply of power, which could harm the device or impact its functionality.
PoE++ and Backward Compatibility
Similarly, PoE++ (IEEE 802.3bt) remains backward compatible with PoE and PoE+ standards:
- Support for PoE and PoE+ Devices: PoE++ switches can identify and power devices that are compliant with initial PoE standards. When connected with a PoE or PoE+ device, the PoE++ switch negotiates the required power and supplies the correct wattage. This way, efficient and safe operation is guaranteed.
- Enhanced Power Delivery: PoE++ can supply higher power levels (up to 60W or 100W, based on the implementation), but it adapts the power output to match its demands. This works regardless of whether the connected device complies with PoE, PoE+, or PoE++ standards.
Considerations for Compatibility
- Device Specifications: PoE+ and PoE++ switches are made to be backward compatible. However, to guarantee proper operation, you must check that the connected devices pass the IEEE standards. Proprietary or non-standard PoE implementations may not be entirely compatible and might need specific equipment or configurations.
- Passive PoE Devices: Devices that use passive PoE may not work with conventional PoE switches. Verifying compatibility and reviewing device specifications is critical to avoid damage or connectivity problems.
Pros and Cons of Each Standard
Each Power over Ethernet parameter has benefits and potential drawbacks. Examining these factors helps you make informed choices specific to network requirements.
Therefore, knowing these factors between PoE vs PoE+ vs PoE++ is essential for network professionals seeking to design efficient, reliable, and scalable network infrastructures that meet the increasing demands of modern devices.
We have compiled the pros and cons you must consider before settling for any Power over Ethernet switch.
PoE (IEEE 802.3af) Pros & Cons
PoE+ (IEEE 802.3at) Pros & Cons
PoE++(IEEE 802.3bt) Pros & Cons
FAQs
Can I use a PoE+ device with a PoE switch?
Yes, you can use a PoE+ device with a PoE switch. This is because a PoE+ switch is backward compatible with a PoE switch, which supplies more power. Therefore, it can power these devices even though it delivers more power than a standard PoE switch.
Do I need special cables for PoE++ switch?
No, you don't need special cables mainly designed for PoE++. Instead, you can use standard Ethernet cables such as Cat5e, Cat6, or Cat6a, provided they meet the power requirements of your PoE devices. Typically, you can also use the same cables used for standard network data transmission for PoE.
What are the typical costs of upgrading to PoE++ switch?
Depending on the brand, features, and power capacity, upgrading to PoE++ typically costs $200 to $500 per switch port. However, higher-quality cables, compatible devices, and cooling systems to handle the extra heat from higher power outputs can make it pricier.
Wrapping Up
PoE (Power over Ethernet) technology has changed how networks are designed and powered. It provides an effortless solution for powering devices and data transmission over a single Ethernet cable.
The advancement from PoE (IEEE 802.3af) to PoE+ (IEEE 802.3at) and PoE++ (IEEE 802.3bt) shows the increasing demand for higher power delivery. This higher power delivery is needed to support modern energy-intensive devices.
Every standard has its unique strengths and limitations. With its 15.4 watts power delivery, PoE is ideal for low-power devices like VoIP phones and basic cameras. PoE+ steps up with 30 watts per port, supporting more advanced equipment like wireless access points and PTZ cameras.
PoE++ takes it even further by supplying up to 100 watts, making it perfect for very high-power applications like digital signage, etc. When choosing between these standards, ensure you consider your network’s specific needs, devices’ power demands, and future scalability.
PoE+ and PoE++ are backward compatible. Hence, they provide flexibility in supporting legacy devices while awaiting future advancements. The correct PoE standard ultimately depends on your network’s present and future needs.
Investing in the appropriate technology saves costs and ensures efficient power distribution and the capacity to scale your network as new technologies emerge.
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